The victory of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, as part of the wider World Anti-Fascist War, represented a struggle against two interlinked forms of oppression. This is the Japanese militarist colonial aggression in Asia and the legacy of European imperial occupation since the 1884 Berlin Conference. Japan had risen as an imperial power with expansionist ambitions in Asia, while Germany under Nazi rule stood as the principal ideological and military proponent of fascism in Europe.